In non-HD models, trifluoperazine upregulated AP-1 DNA binding while haloperidol, clozapine, lithium, valproate, imipramine, and amitriptyline downregulated AP-1, but these findings do not necessarily predict outcomes in HD models, as is seen particularly in the case of lithium, and these drugs should be investigated in HD paradigms. Here, JUND is linked to Huntington disease.