We further analysed fasting serum IGFBP-1 levels and found that newly diagnosed and treated patients with type 2 diabetes had similar fasting serum IGFBP-1 levels (18 μg/l in both groups), which were significantly lower than those in non-diabetic control subjects (24 μg/l, P = 0.011 and P < 0.001, respectively) (Figure 1C). This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.