In a recent meta-analysis of several clinical studies using cisplatin or carboplatin plus a third-generation chemotherapeutic agent (docetaxel, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine) [57]–[59], the optimum treatment strategy for patients with NSCLC has been proposed that emphasizes the importance of tumor histology (squamous vs. non-squamous) in addition to patient characteristics, EGFR mutation status, and disease biology [60]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.