In CD34-negative AML cases, ALDHbright cells lack expression of aberrant immunophenotypic markers (Table 3, median 0%), have low scatter properties (not shown) but most importantly are devoid of the molecular aberrancies FLT3-ITD and mutated NPM1 (Table 4, example Figure 4C AML-464). Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.