In both these AML cases the ALDHbright compartment contains neither an FLT3-ITD nor an NPM1 mutation (Figure 3C, AML-808 and 3G, AML-575 upper panels), indicating HSC, while the ALDHlow compartment has both these leukemia-associated mutations (Figure 3C, AML-808 and 3G, AML-575 middle panels), indicating LSC. Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.