On the basis of expression of aberrant markers and scatter properties we showed that CD34+CD38– ALDHbright cells in CD34-positive AML (n = 19) had no expression of immunophenotypic leukemia-associated markers (median 0.03% marker expression on CD34+CD38– ALDHbright cells, Table 1) and are lower in FSC and/or SSC than ALDHlow cells (data not shown), strongly suggesting that ALDHbright cells are CD34+CD38– HSC. This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and acute myeloid leukemia.