CXCL8 and infection: Infections of the gastrointestinal tract by enteropathogenic Yersiniae lead to a biphasic inflammatory process in which bacterial adhesion and transmigration through the intestinal epithelial layer triggers an initial antibacterial defense response with little inflammation, e.g. expression of IL-8 by epithelial cells, which is followed by an acute infiltration and activation of neutrophils, cytokine production and tissue necrosis [70].