Although these are suggestive of a role for inflammation in increased sympathetic tone and consequent hypertension in response to chronic PM2.5 exposure, definitive proof may require additional experiments such as disruption of the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in the hypothalamus and assessment of how this affects the chronic PM2.5 exposure–induced increase in BP. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is hypertensive disorder.