IFIH1 and viral infectious disease: During viral infections these cells can detect RV as well as other viruses through the presence of double stranded RNA (dsRNA) via TLR3, Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene 1 (RIG-I) and Melanoma Differentiation-Associated protein 5 (MDA-5); and single stranded RNA (ssRNA) via TLR7/8 [7,8].