CSF3 and infection: For over two decades, granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs; filgrastims) have been the mainstay of the treatment and prevention of CIN [13], where they have been found to reduce the risk of neutropenia across a range of patient settings, decrease the incidence of FN, reduce the incidence of infection, reduce the requirement for treatment with antibiotics, and accelerate neutrophil recovery [6,14-17].