A longitudinal study that investigated the effect of the change in reproductive hormones during the menopause on incident obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and severe obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m2) demonstrated that a decrease in sex hormone-binding globulin over time was strongly associated with both incident obesity and severe obesity [29]. The gene discussed is SHBG; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.