J. Alvarez-Camacho et al. addresse topics related to modern aspects in the pathophysiology of hypertension such as the role of inflammation, environment, epigenetics, and adiponectin in hypertension, and Y. Mendizabal et al. discuss the central role of hypertension and vascular inflammation in metabolic syndrome and the role of sympathetic tone. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and hypertensive disorder.