VANGL1 and neural tube defect: In two cohorts of NTD cases and controls, we studied associations between DNA-methylation levels in fetuses and very young children using a candidate gene approach of imprinted candidate genes (IGF2, H19, and KCNQ1OT1) and non-imprinted LEKR/CCNL gene region involved in embryonic development and MTHFR, and VANGL1 that are associated with NTDs.