To further clarify the causal relationship between immune responses to the T790M-derived neo-antigens and the presence/occurrence of EGFR-T790M in NSCLC patients, both antigen-specific immune responses and T790M mutation status remain to be monitored at different time points (before, during, and after EGFR-TKI treatment) in the same patients in future study. Here, EGFR is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.