Nevertheless, the evidence for NRF binding to IP-10 and IL-8 promoter sites in PBMCs of TB patients provides a link between NRF expression and its repressive effect on IP-10 and IL-8 synthesis, and may be through what we have recently reported the epigenetic modulation mechanism of NRF in PBMCs of COPD patients [45]. Here, NKRF is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.