Although the thiazolidinediones PPAR-γ agonists have greatly benefited diabetic patients and have also shown neuroprotective properties associated to anti-inflammation in animal models of PD, publications linking harmful cardiovascular effects to rosiglitazone [20–22] and bladder cancer to pioglitazone [69] have challenged their repositioning as disease modifying strategies for this neurodegenerative disorder. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.