Based on current data on BGN-mediated modulation of the TGFβ pathway [43] and the stimulatory role of TGFβ1 on bladder cancer cells [44], it can be assumed that effects of BGN on the availability of TGFβ1 may be involved in the anti-proliferative effect of BGN in bladder cancer. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and urinary bladder carcinoma.