NF1 and Cowden syndrome 1: Noonan-like syndromes comprising Costello syndrome (CS; OMIM 218040), cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS, OMIM 115150), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; OMIM 162200), and Legius syndrome (NFLS, OMIM 611431) are disorders clinically related to NS and also harbor mutations in HRAS, KRAS,NF1, BRAF, SPRED1, MEK1, and MEK2 genes [5,6].