MAP1LC3A and Parkinson disease: At the same time, autophagic stress in patient-derived fibroblast can be assessed by quantifying the number of GFP-LC3 and RFP-LC3 puncta per cell by transfecting the tandem reporter GFP-RFP-LC3 construct to correlate mitochondrial respiration deficits with dysregulated autophagy in PD [138].