F2R and ischemia: A disease state, for which PAR-targeted intervention seems likely is cardiac injury where PAR1 and PAR4 signalling via EGFR transactivation contributes to the regulation of cardiac physiological and pathophysiological functions and remodeling, while activation of PAR2 plays a protective role in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury [229-231] through an interaction between PAR2 and TRPV1 [232,233].