In Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by chronic neuroinflammation, PPARγ activation attenuates neuroinflammation and augments expression of M2 macrophage markers, indicating that peripheral administration of PPAR agonists can influence an active and chronic inflammatory milieu in the CNS (Mandrekar-Colucci et al., 2012). Here, PPARG is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.