Further support and mechanistic insight was provided by a report from the Hellenic Oncology Group demonstrating a strong association between favorable outcomes and the development of one or more autoimmune phenomena (vitiligo or thyroid abnormalities, or serologic evidence of autoimmune phenomena) among high-risk melanoma patients during or after adjuvant IFN-α [37], although subsequent analyses from US and European studies did not find this association [38]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA2 and melanoma.