In pediatric low-grade glioma, consisting of pilocytic astrocytoma and fibrillary astrocytoma, chromosome 7q34 rearrangements result in an in-frame KIAA1549:BRAF fusion gene that possesses constitutive BRAF kinase activity resembling oncogenic BRAF (V600E) [152]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is central nervous system cancer.