It has been repeatedly shown that the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-12 are linked to disease protection, whilst anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β, prevail in severe forms of PCM [30], [48], [49]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to paracoccidioidomycosis.