Vilaysane A et al.[47] demonstrated that renal inflammation in a mouse renal fibrosis model is associated with activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and overproduction of IL-1β and IL-18, and that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in a variety of human non diabetic kidney diseases and chronic kidney diseases. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is renal fibrosis.