The results of these analyses suggest that without any exogenous stimulation, T1D subject monocytes exhibit significantly more STAT5Ptyr binding (p = 0.0140, Mann-Whitney U test) at the CSF2 promoter, and a trend for epigenetic modification, and potential for transcription at both CSF2 and PGTS2 loci than non-autoimmune healthy controls. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.