VDR and malignant colon neoplasm: For example, ChIP-seq in LS180 colon cancer cells indicated VDR binding sites 139, 146 and 335 kb upstream of the MYC TSS [5], while ChIP-qPCR in RWPE-1 normal human prostate cells suggested VDR binding 1.3 kb upstream of the gene’s TSS and at site 1 (2.7 kb downstream of the TSS).