Familiar Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS), Muckle–Wells Syndrome (MWS), and Chronic Infantile Neurological Cutaneous and Articular Syndrome (CINCA) or Neonatal Onset Multi-systemic Inflammatory Disease (NOMID) are three diseases originally described as distinct entities that turned out to belong to the wide clinical phenotype of disorders due to mutations of NLRP3 gene (NOD-like receptor 3, previously known as Cold-Induced Autoinflammatory Syndrome 1, CIAS1). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and CINCA syndrome.