The present pharmacological studies reveal that P1736: 1) is a non-thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer with no potential to activate human PPAR receptors; 2) reduced plasma glucose and triglyceride levels in diabetic db/db mice model; 3) reduced plasma glucose levels in the obese and diabetic ob/ob mice; 4) its antidiabetic effect in ob/ob mice was associated with increased glucose uptake in the muscles and reduced plasma insulin levels; 5) The pharmacological effects of P1736 in preclinical models of diabetes were not associated with adverse effects on weight or liver safety profile. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.