Indeed, (i) these two antigens are very frequently expressed by melanomas [8, 9], (ii) two immunogenic peptides derived from these two antigens are recognized by melanoma-specific T cells in the HLA-A2 context [10, 11], (iii) a broad and diverse T cell repertoire specific for these two epitopes is present in all HLA-A2 melanoma patients [12–14], and (iv) CD8 T lymphocytes specific for these two epitopes seem to be involved in melanoma immunosurveillance [9, 15]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and melanoma.