TNF and gastric ulcer: Pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and growth factors including insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases like autoimmune diabetes and gastric ulcers [12,13].