VIL1 and Insulin resistance: After 8 weeks of treatment, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of HFD mice was significantly decreased in PHZ (CT: 6.8 ± 1.1 PHZ: -29.0%, p = 0.033), ViL (-21.2%, p = 0.041) and ViLVaL (-26.0%, p = 0.015) compared with CT mice (Figure 1E).