To evaluate whether PD-L1 expression on DCs could be related to viral infection, we stimulated DCs with live or UV-inactivated A(H1N1)pdm09 virus; we did not detect any significant differences in PD-L1 expression induced by live or UV-inactivated virus on DCs populations (Figure 1(b)), although it was slightly decreased in cDCs treated with the inactivated virus. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is viral infectious disease.