NFKB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: NF-κB contributes to myocardial fibrosis pathogenesis because it regulates genes/proteins important for disease progression, including cytokines (e.g., TNF-α), interleukins (e.g., IL-6), growth factors (e.g., TGF-β), and adhesion molecules (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule) [11].