Included as independent variables in the models were the following variables: age in years, gender, ASA-PS, BMI, duration of anesthesia, type of anesthesia, locoregional anesthesia, emergency surgery, temperature at SICU admission, troponin I at SICU admission, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, COPD, high-risk surgery, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal insufficiency, insulin therapy for diabetes, total RCRI, crystalloids, colloids, erythrocytes, fresh frozen plasma, platelets, and APACHE II scores. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is congestive heart failure.