SIRT1 and neurodegenerative disease: Most prominently, brain Sirt1 has been very strongly implicated in neuronal survival (Tang, 2009), and an avalanche of findings in the past few years have linked Sirt1 activation, either by phenolic compounds such as resveratrol or by manipulations of gene expressions, to be beneficial in various models of neurodegenerative diseases (Donmez and Outeiro, 2013; Paraíso et al., 2013).