HIF1A and neoplasm: In vulvar carcinomas, high HIF-1α immunostaining (> 50% tumor cells) in the nucleus was observed in 57 (36%) and low levels (≤ 50% tumor cells) in 101 (64%) cases (Figure 2A and B), whereas high VEGF expression (score ≥ 6) in the cytoplasm was identified in 63 (40%) and low low level (score < 6) in 95 (60%) cases (Figure 2C and D).