We emphasize the involvement of these miRNAs in the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), key components in cell cycle regulation and traditional targets for cancer therapy development, in the regulation of SMAD and of type II receptor of TGFB (TGFBR2), components of the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway, as well as in the regulation of NOTCH1, PI3K and PTEN. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.