Pathway analysis also identified Altered T Cell and B Cell Signaling in Rheumatoid Arthritis (identified by altered expression of Il1a, Il2, Tgfb1, Lta, and Il1b) and Role of Macrophages, Fibroblasts and Endothelial cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis (identified by altered expression of Vegfa, Il1a, Tgfb1, Lta, Il1b, Il7, and Pgf) (see Additional file 9), pathways that can lead to macrophage-mediated pathology [111] and abnormal angiogenesis [112]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.