NLRP3 and viral infectious disease: Wu et al. (2013) elucidated that, in human macrophages, dengue virus can signal through Syk-coupled C-type lectin 5A (CLEC5A) to induce NLRP3-mediated cytokine secretion and pyroptosis. Though not much is known about yellow fever virus and the inflammasome, one study shows that vaccination with a live attenuated yellow fever vaccine is able to increase the expression caspase-1 associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome (Gaucher et al., 2008).