Among the most important inflammatory mediators, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 are drivers of cancer-associated inflammation, by activating nuclear factors NFKB and STAT3 and inducing PTGS2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase, also known as COX-2) [12, 23, 32]. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and cancer.