COL14A1 and renal carcinoma: Of the top 10 upregulated probesets, the only gene identified as potentially being involved in the pathogenesis of 3-M syndrome was COL14A1, a large glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix which has an anti-proliferative effect on fibroblasts (52) and knockdown in renal cancer cells, which results in increased growth (53).