Although there was not a significant difference in the ideal body weight or BMI or skin-fold caliper measurements (triceps) between controls and all HIV-infected individuals combined, we observed significant decreases in BMI and sum of skin folds in patients with low CD4 counts (<200 cell/μl) (Fig. 1A and B, p<0.05) indicative of GI dysfunction typically observed in advanced HIV-1 infection [7], [37]. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is HIV-1 infection.