Residual EDS1-dependent resistance in rps4-21rrs1-1 to Pst/AvrRps4 infection (Figure 1A) is conferred by an RPS4- and RRS1-independent mechanism operating in Ws-0 and likely also in accession Col-0 expressing the respective RPS4Col and RRS1Col allelic variants (Birker et al., 2009; Sohn et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene RRS1 and infection.