A systematic expression analysis using Cancer Profiling Array – CPA (Product No. 631761; Clontech, Heidelberg, Germany, contains spotted tumor cDNAs and corresponding normal tissue from the same patient) showed that down-regulation of ITIH4 in cancer tissue was detected in tumors of the kidney (95%), stomach (63%) ovary (57%), colon cancer (54%), lung cancer (52%), rectum cancer (50%), and prostate cancer (75%), suggesting that the down-regulation of IHIT4 may be associated with initiation and/or progression of these malignancies[34]. Here, ITIH4 is linked to rectal cancer.