VGF and melanoma: In order to confirm select genes from the microarray analyses (microarray fold changes provided in Table S3), five potential hPNPaseold-35-regulated genes were validated (for the purpose of this study we validated only a few genes as it was not feasible to validate all the hPNPaseold-35-regulated genes identified) by qRT-PCR to show their inverse correlation with hPNPaseold-35 expression in the HO-1 melanoma cell line as shown in Figure 9 (putative “direct target”: CENPE; putative “indirect targets”: VGF, RNF128).