The involvement of guanylyl cyclase (GC)-coupled natriuretic receptors has been identified, with lower concentrations of ANP able to stimulate proliferation in neural tumor cell lines with the involvement of a GC receptor, while higher concentrations of ANP exert a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent antiproliferative action, which involves a non-GC receptor (10). This evidence concerns the gene NPPA and nervous system cancer.