Similarly with our model, systemic TGF-β antagonism by IN-1130, one of the prototype ALK5 inhibitors in the same structural family as EW-7197 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by local actions without affecting systemic peripheral immune reactions including the generation of Th17 (Luo et al, 2007). Here, TGFB1 is linked to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.