The role of the caveola-forming proteins caveolin-1 and, most recently, cavin-1 in cancer has been evaluated in in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies and while multiple studies find differential expression in cancer, they differ in their conclusions, leading to the hypotheses that there may be tumour type and tumour stage differences, primary versus metastatic and cancer cell versus stromal cell specificity in expression pattern and functionality [21;29-35]. Here, CAV1 is linked to neoplasm.