Whereas patients with transient AKI based on urinary output had similar levels of urinary NGAL production as did patients without AKI, patients with transient AKI based on creatinine had levels of urinary NGAL production intermediate between no AKI and intrinsic AKI (Figure 3), in line with the findings of Nejat et al. [8], where only the creatinine criterion was used. Here, LCN2 is linked to acute kidney injury.