To determine the role of Abl in smooth muscle in the production of cytokine and chemokine, we evaluated the level of IL-13 and CCL2 (representative cytokine and chemokine in asthma pathology) [5,30,31] in the BALF in lungs of naïve and OVA-treated Abl-lox and Ablsm−/− mice. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is asthma.