Why Theileria-infected macrophages should maintain a HIF-1α-driven transcriptional programme typical of Warburg glycolysis is curious, but as infection induces hif-1α transcription within two hours of sporozoite invasion it is conceivable that the infected host cell switches to Warburg-like glycolysis in order to keep the level infection-induced ROS under toxic levels. Here, HIF1A is linked to infection.